Scale Model of the Solar System

Students calculate and build a scale model of the solar system using beads, string, chalk, or yard markers to represent planet distances, sizes, or both. The activity demonstrates the vast differences in planetary distances and diameters, helping students grasp the scale of our solar system.

1. Learn about astronomical units (AU) and the distances between planets.
2. Decide whether your model will show scale distances, scale sizes, or both.
3. Choose a location for your model (indoors, outdoors, or across a large space).
4. For scale distances:
   1. Multiply each planet’s AU by a chosen scale factor (e.g., 10 cm per AU).
   2. Mark each planet’s position using string, chalk, or stakes.
5. For scale sizes:
   1. Choose a size for Earth (e.g., 1 cm diameter).
   2. Multiply by each planet’s relative size factor to calculate their scale diameters.
   3. Represent planets using beads, chalk circles, or cutouts.
6. For combined distance and size:
   1. Use proportional equations to calculate both distances and diameters at the same scale (requires a very large area).
7. Display your model using one of these methods:
   • String model with beads or washers
   • Sidewalk chalk model
   • Outdoor yard model with stakes or cones

Creating a Scale Model of the Solar System: DIY Activity - Science4Breakfast:

Let's Make a Scale Model of the Solar System! - Jefferson Lab:

📄 Make a Scale Solar System - NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory: https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/edu/resources/project/make-a-scale-solar-system/

• Make a wearable necklace or bracelet solar system using beads.
• Create a classroom wall display with string and paper cutouts.
• Use mapping software to plot scale planets across a neighborhood (+research the Sweden solar system).
• Add artistic touches by coloring planets to match real appearances.

• Use scissors carefully when cutting string or paper.
• Be cautious with chalk or stakes in public walkways to avoid tripping hazards.
• If working outdoors, ensure markers are visible and the area is safe for walking.

• Why is it difficult to show both planet size and distance at the same scale? (Because planets are tiny compared with the vast distances between them.)
• How does an astronomical unit (AU) help scientists describe distances? (It simplifies large numbers by using Earth–Sun distance as a reference.)
• Which planets are closest together in distance, and which are farthest apart?
• If Earth were the size of a marble, how big would the Sun be at the same scale?
• What surprises you most about the solar system’s size—planet diameters or distances?