Different household materials are tested to determine which provides the best insulation for keeping hot water warm. The experiment models how engineers use insulation to conserve energy in buildings.

1. Wrap a plastic water bottle with one of the test materials: newspaper, a wool sock, aluminum foil, or plastic.
2. Fill all bottles with equal amounts of hot tap water.
3. Immediately measure and record the starting water temperatures.
4. Place bottles in the same environment so they cool under similar conditions.
5. After 15 minutes, measure and record the ending water temperatures.
6. Calculate the temperature change for each bottle.
7. Identify which material best minimized heat loss.

Stop Heat from Escaping: Testing Insulation Materials - TeachEngineering:

Insulation Experiment | Energy - The Good and the Beautiful:

📄 Stop Heat from Escaping: Testing Insulation Materials - ncwit.org: https://www.teachengineering.org/activities/view/cub_energy2_lesson02_activity2

• Repeat the test using ice-cold water instead of hot water.
• Measure external temperatures at different points on the bottles to analyze heat transfer.
• Extend the experiment by building small model houses insulated with different materials.
• Record water temperatures every 5 minutes to plot a graph of temperature vs. time.

• Handle hot water carefully to avoid burns.
• Use plastic bottles instead of glass to reduce breakage risk.
• Remind students that thermometers (if glass) are fragile and must be handled carefully.
• Dispose of water safely and dry materials before reusing.

• Which material showed the least temperature change? (The best insulator prevents heat transfer.)
• Why does insulation help conserve energy in homes? (It reduces the need for heating or cooling by slowing heat transfer.)
• How do engineers apply this concept in real-world designs? (They design walls, roofs, and products with materials that minimize energy loss.)
• Why is it important to keep all other test conditions the same during the experiment? (To ensure a fair test where only the insulation material is the variable.)